FIR 129 - Hydraulics and Water Supply

1. Examine water as an extinguishing agent
   1. Explain the basic extinguishing properties of water that make it useful for firefighting operations
   2. List the common advantages and disadvantages of water as a fire extinguishing agent
   3. Explain how the Law of Specific Heat and the Law of Latent of Vaporization relate to water as a fire extinguishing agent
   4. Describe how the surface area of water affects its ability to extinguish a fire
2. Analyze hydrostatics and water for fire protection
   1. Explain the basic principles of fluid pressure as they apply to water for fire protection
   2. Explain the relationship between height and density and head pressure
   3. Explain the importance and relevance of potential energy on water in foe protection concerns.
3. Analyze hydrostatics and its-importance in fire protection.
   1. Explain the importance· and relevance of kinetic energy on water in fire protection concerns
   2. Describe the principles of Conservation of Energy and Conservation of Matter
   3. Define the following terms and explain their relevance to fire protection hydraulics
   4. List and explain the four principles of friction loss
   5. Explain how the Darcy-Weisbach Formula and Hazen-Williams Equation are used to determine friction loss in piping systems
4. Compare water distribution systems
   1. List the sources of water used to supply water supply systems
   2. Describe the function of water treatment facilities in a water supply system
   3. List and describe the three basic mechanisms for moving water through a water supply system
   4. Describe the piping system used to distribute water throughout a water supply system
   5. Examine problems to small-diameter and dead-end mains, low-pressure and private water supply systems, and hydrant coding systems
5. Analyze water flow and calculate water flow requirements for fire protection
   1. Explain the importance of conducting water .supply testing on the water supply systems
   2. List and demonstrate the operation of equipment used to test a water supply system
   3. Demonstrate the procedures for determining the flow pressure and volume from a fire hydrant
   4. Demonstrate the ability to compute flow tests results obtained during water supply tests
6. Analyze fire service pump design and identify apparatus equipped with fire pumps
   1. List and describe the characteristics of the various types of fire apparatus equipped with fire pumps
   2. Explain the methods used for typing pumpers, wild land apparatus, and water tenders in the Incident Command System
   3. Describe the operation of positive displacement pumps and explain their use in the modem fire service
   4. Explain the design, components, and operating principles of single and multi-stage centrifugal fire pumps
   5. List and describe the various pump driver arrangements used on modem fire apparatus
   6. Describe the various types of pressure regulating devices used on fire apparatus pumps
   7. Explain the operation and uses of flow meters with fire pumps
   8. List and describe the operation of the three basic types of priming devices used on modem fire pump
   9. Demonstrate transferring power from vehicle engine to pump, operate pumper pressure control systems, operate the pressure/volume transfer valve, and operate auxiliary cooling systems
   10. Perform the routine tests, inspections, and servicing functions specified in the following list in addition to those in, given a pumper and its manufacturer’s specifications, so that the operational status of the pumper is verified: pumping systems
7. Evaluate several types of fire streams
   1. Characterize solid streams including their flow and reach characteristics
   2. Characterize fog streams, including their volume, stream velocity, reach, and water particle size characteristics
   3. Characterize broken streams, including their flow and water particle size characteristics and their various special uses
   4. Produce an effective and appropriate fire stream using the above requirements
   5. Select the correct nozzle and hose for fire attack given different fire situations
8. Determine several types of fire hose nozzles
   1. Describe the construction and explain the predation of hand lines and master stream solid stream nozzles
   2. Calculate the flow from a solid stream nozzle
   3. Describe the construction and explain the operation of hand lines and master stream fog stream nozzles including constant flow, variable flow, and automatic fog nozzle
   4. Describe the construction and explain the operation of broken stream nozzles, including cellar, water curtain, chimney, and piercing nozzles
   5. List the appropriate nozzle discharge pressures for solid, fog, and broken stream hand line and master stream nozzles
9. Determine fire service pressure loss calculations and determine pump discharge pressure
   1. Calculate pressure loss in single and multiple hose lines using the modem FL=CQ2L method
   2. Explain the procedure for calculating the friction loss coefficient for hoses used by the fire service
   3. Describe the situations in which including appliance pressure loss is important and list the appropriate appliance loss figures
   4. Determine pressure loss or gain due to changes in elevation between the pump and the nozzle
   5. Calculate total pressure loss for simple and complex hose layouts
   6. Determine the required pump discharge pressure for simple and complex layouts
   7. Determine the required pump discharge pressure when supplying aerial master streams
   8. Determine net pump discharge pressure when operating from pressurized and static water supply sources
   9. Calculate friction loss and flow using both written and estimation methods
10. Investigate the process of relay pumping
    1. Describe the conditions that necessitate relay pumping operations
    2. List the types of apparatus and equipment used for relay pumping operations
    3. Describe the operational considerations for establishing and operating a relay pumping operation
    4. Describe the maximum distance and constant pressure relay method
    5. Demonstrate pumping a supply line of2 1/2 or larger, given a relay pumping evolution, the length and size of the line, and the desired flow and intake pressure, so that the correct pressure and flow are provided to the next pumper in the relay
11. Analyze fire sprinkler and standpipe systems support operations
    1. Explain the designs and operational principles of wet, dry, pre-action, and deluge sprinkler systems
    2. List and describe the major components of an automatic sprinkler system
    3. Calculate the pump discharge pressure necessary to supply an automatic sprinkler system
    4. List and describe the major components of a standpipe system
    5. Calculate the pump discharge pressure necessary to supply a standpipe system
    6. Supply water to fire sprinkler and standpipe system, given specific system information and a fire department pumper, so that water is supplied to the system at the correct volume and pressure
    7. Calculate pump discharge pressure; hose layout; location of fire department connection; operate based on the principles of sprinkler systems defined NFPA 13, NFPA 13.D, NFPA 13R; fire department operations at sprinklered properties as defined by NFPA 13E; and operate by the principles of the standpipe system as defined NFPA 14