EMS 466 - Prin of Pathophysiology II

1. Implement a pharmacologic management plan for an emergency patient.
   1. Assess the medication plan for an emergency patient.
   2. Determine the types of medication to be given.
   3. Implement a pharmacologic management plan.
2. Differentiate the chemical, trade and generic names of various drugs.
   1. List the main sources of drug products.
   2. Describe how drugs are classified.
   3. Identify historic trends in pharmacology.
3. Analyze how the Food and Drug Administration classifies drugs.
   1. List legislative acts controlling drug use in the United States.
   2. Define the terms Schedule I, II, III, IV and V drugs.
   3. Explain the paramedic’s responsibilities and scope of management when giving meds.
   4. Discuss investigational drugs.
4. Review the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to pharmacology.
   1. List and describe the general properties of drugs.
   2. List and describe liquid drug forms.
   3. List and describe solid drug forms.
   4. List and describe aerosol drug forms.
5. List and differentiate the different phases of drug activity.
   1. Analyze the theories of drug action, including adverse drug reactions.
   2. Review special considerations regarding drugs, including pregnancy and children.
   3. Discuss various options for storing and securing medications.
   4. List the components of a drug profile by classification.
6. Analyze drugs that a paramedic may administer according to local protocol.
   1. Give examples of prescription and non-prescription forms of drugs.
   2. Analyze the various routes f medication administration.
   3. Give examples of medications that the paramedic may use.
7. Discuss how medications that the paramedic administers will affect the patient.
   1. Analyze medications that affect the cardiovascular system.
   2. Review medications that affect the respiratory system.
   3. Discuss medications that affect the gastrointestinal system.
   4. Review medications that affect the renal system.
   5. Learn the difference between drugs that brocho- and vaso- construct and dilate.
8. Review drugs of abuse and toxic substances.
   1. List how alcohol and amphetamines affect the human body.
   2. Discuss environmental chemicals, including herbicides and insecticides.
   3. Review household chemicals and hazardous materials.
9. Determine basic mathematic principles regarding medication administration.
   1. Review mathematical equivalents.
   2. Discuss formulas as a basis for performing drug calculations.
   3. Differentiate between different ways to calculate drug dosages.
10. Describe the various routes of medication administration.
    1. List the technique and general principles of giving medications orally.
    2. List the technique and general principles of giving medications intravenously.
    3. List the technique and general principle of giving medications via inhalation route.
    4. List the technique and general principle of giving medications subcutaneously.
    5. List the technique and general principle of giving medications intramuscularly.
11. Review techniques of medications administration.
    1. Describe the equipment and method for peripheral venous access.
    2. Describe the equipment and method of obtaining a blood sample.
    3. Describe the equipment and method of intraosseous needle placement and infusion.
    4. Describe the equipment and method of drawing medications from an ampule.
    5. Describe the equipment and method of drawing medications from a vial.
12. Properly administer medications.
    1. Precisely access the venous circulation.
    2. Safely administer medication.
    3. Perform the five patient rights of medication administration.
13. Assess the patient with breathing difficulty.
    1. Assess lung sounds.
    2. Determine work of breathing.
    3. Describe accessory muscle use.
14. Explain the primary objective of airway maintenance.
    1. Identify commonly neglected prehospital skills related to the airway.
    2. Describe why airway management is an important component of prehospital care.
    3. List ways in which poor airway management could be detrimental to patient care.
15. Demonstrate the anatomy of the upper airway and lower airway.
    1. Explain the differences between adult and pediatric airways anatomy.
    2. Explain the relation between pulmonary circulation and respiration.
    3. Describe the measurement of oxygen on the blood.
    4. Describe the measurement of carbon dioxide in the blood.
    5. List the factors that cause decreased oxygen concentration in the blood.
    6. List the factors that cause decreased carbon dioxide concentrations in the blood.
16. Analyze causes of respiratory distress.
    1. Define normal respiratory rates in adults, children and infants.
    2. List the factors that affect respiratory rate and depth.
    3. Differentiate between hypoxia and hypoxemia.
    4. Describe the voluntary and involuntary regulation of respiration.
    5. Analyze the modified forms of respiration.
17. Determine types of oxygen cylinders and pressure regulators.
    1. List the steps for delivering oxygen from a cylinder to a regulator.
    2. Explain the safety considerations of oxygen storage and delivery.
    3. Describe the use of an oxygen humidifier.
    4. Review the different options for the settings of oxygen flow meters.
18. Distinguish the different types of airway obstructions.
    1. Describe a partial airway obstruction.
    2. Describe a complete airway obstruction.
    3. Identify the causes of upper airway obstructions.
    4. Identify causes of lower airway obstructions.
    5. Demonstrate maneuvers for opeing obstructed airways.
19. Explain the purpose for suctioning the airway.
    1. Identify different types of suction equipment.
    2. Describe the indications for suctioning the airway.
    3. Review different types of suction catheters.
    4. Review the techniques for suction the airway.
    5. Identify special considerations regarding suctioning the airway.
20. Review the different adjuncts for airway management.
    1. Describe the indications and technique of inserting a nasopharyngeal airway.
    2. Describe the indications and technique of inserting an oropharyngeal airway.
    3. Review the indications and technique for utilizing a bag valve mask.
    4. Identify the indications and technique for utilizing an endotracheal tube.
    5. Identify the indications and technique for utilizing a King LT airw device.
21. Evaluate and practice the technique of endotracheal intubation.
    1. Differentiate between endotracheal intubation and other forms of airway mismanagement.
    2. Review the indications and advantages of endotracheal intubation.
    3. Describe methods for confirming correct placement of an endotracheal tube.
    4. Describe methods of endotracheal intubation of the pediatric patient.
22. Examine and practice the technique of nasotracheal intubation.
    1. Differentiate between nasotracheal intubation and other forms of airway management.
    2. Review the indications and advantages of nasotracheal intubation.
    3. Describe the methods for confirming correct placement of a nasotracheal tube.
    4. Describe the methods of masotracheal intubation of the pediatric patient.
23. Critique and practice the technique of cricothyrotomy.
    1. Differentiate between cricothyrotomy and other forms of airway management.
    2. Review the indications and advantages of cricothyrotomy.
    3. Describe the methods for confirming the anatomical landmarks for cricothyrotomy.
24. Analyze the practice and technique of rapid sequence intubation.
    1. Differentiate between rapid sequence intubation and other forms of airway management.
    2. Identify the neuromuscular blocking drugs used in rapid sequence intubation.
    3. Identify sedative agents used in rapid sequence intubation.