MLT 270 - Immunology & Serology

1. Assess laboratory safety and quality control.
   1. Identify safety and precaution labels and signs.
   2. Disinfect work area
   3. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
   4. Practice correct hand-washing technique.
   5. Dispose of biohazardous waste.
   6. Protect self, student-patient, and clinical patients from transmission of infectious disease.
   7. Perform appropriate error correction and documentation.
   8. Determine factors that affect procedures and results.
2. Perform immunology/Serology testing.
   1. Identify proper specimen collection and transport techniques/methods.
   2. Choose appropriate medical terminology for immunology/serology skills.
   3. Demonstrate good dexterity in use of immunology/serology lab equipment.
   4. Calculate various types of dilutions.
   5. Perform serial dilutions using micro pipettes and serologic.
   6. Describe how antibody titer is determined and reported.
   7. Perform dilutions, describe detection and disease association of cold agglutinins.
3. Evaluate basic immunologic procedures.
   1. Discuss basic principles, use of and perform precipitation tests.
   2. Discuss basic principles, use of and perform agglutination tests.
   3. List factors affecting sensitization and lattice formation in agglutination reactions.
   4. Discuss basic principles, use of and perform flocculation tests.
   5. State the reagents used in flocculation testing; and, list two (2) commonly-used flocculation tests.
   6. Briefly describe neutralization assays and labeled immunoassays.
   7. Interpret direct and indirect ‘sandwich’ techniques.
   8. Briefly describe the complement fixation test, inclucing interpretation of expected positive and negative results.
4. Discuss immunoglobulins.
   1. Differentiate between humoral and cellular immunity.
   2. Describe the cells involved in specific immunity, including T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes; differentiate between T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes.
   3. Explain the fundamental reaction between antigen and antibody, and the type of immunologic reactions.
   4. Discuss the physical properties of antibodies, structure and function.
   5. Differentiate the five (5) main classes of immunoglobulins.
   6. Discuss immunizations, specifically factors affecting immunization, primary and secondary antibody response and antibodies involved in primary and secondary responses.
5. Assess serological Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases.
   1. Describe and perform venereal syphilis testing and include causative agent, disease progression, congenital transmission, and diagnostic tests.
   2. Describe and perform Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A strep) testing including: causative agents (exoantigens), complications, and diagnostic tests.
   3. Differentiate among Hepatitis A, B and C by mode of transmission, type of virus, and diagnostic tests.
   4. List the four (4) DNA viruses in the Herpesvirus group.
   5. Describe Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus CMV, Varicella-zoster (VZV) and Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and II by mode of transmission, disease progression, and diagnostic tests.
   6. Describe Rubella including: type of virus, alternate names, congenital transmission, most commonly tested populations, and diagnostic tests.
   7. Describe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) including: causative agent, modes of transmission, symptoms, and diagnostic tests.
   8. Name at least two (2) types of fungi tested for serologically.
   9. Briefly describe Toxoplasma gondii including: host, mode of transmission, and diagnostic tests.
6. Evaluate immune disorders.
   1. Differentiate among the four types of hypersensitivity reactions.
   2. Differentiate between organ-specific and systemic autoimmunity. provide examples of each type.
   3. Describe systemic lupus erythmatosus (sle or lupus).
   4. State the clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies (ana).
   5. Describe and perform rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
   6. Differentiate among the various types of grafts (transplants).
   7. Explain the importance of the MHC in transplantation.
7. Formulate an understanding of the nature of the immune system.
   1. Contrast active and passive immunity; and, natural and artificial immunity.
   2. List at least three (3) natural external and internal defenses.
   3. Briefly describe the role of inflammation in an immune reaction.
   4. Define acute phase reactants; and, name the most commonly one tested in the lab.
   5. Differentiate tolerance from self tolerance.
   6. Describe the process of vaccination, including primary and secondary responses, antibodies involved, and antibody levels.
   7. Name the primary and secondary lymphoid organs.
   8. State how T-lymphs and B-lymphs are differentiated from each other, as well as within their own cell lines.
   9. List some common MHC HLAs that are associated with specific diseases.
   10. Describe Class I and II genes coding.
   11. Briefly describe the role of an antigen presenting cell (APC).
   12. State the triggering mechanism(s) and end result(s) for the classical and alternative complement pathways.
8. Demonstrate professional conduct.
   1. Demonstrate interpersonal communication skills with patients, other health care professionals, and the public.
   2. Practice confidentiality.
   3. Follow written and verbal instructions.
   4. Demonstrate ethical time management.
   5. Choose workplace-appropriate clothing and jewelry.
   6. Recognize the responsibilities of other laboratory and health care personnel, interacting with them with respect to their jobs and patient care.
   7. Demonstrate workplace basic skills of listening, writing, leadership and time management.
   8. Practice written and oral communication skills.
   9. Create team atmosphere in laboratory functions.
9. Demonstrate judgment and decision making skills.
   1. Analyze laboratory findings and recognize common procedural and technical problems.
   2. Evaluate laboratory findings and take corrective actions.
   3. Analyze laboratory findings to check for sources of errors.
   4. Evaluate laboratory findings to recognize and report the need for additional testing.