DHY 211 - Periodontology

1. Recognize the anatomy of periodontal structures in the healthy state.
   1. Review the clinical anatomy of the periodontium.
   2. Review the microscopic anatomy of the periodontium.
   3. List the functions of the periodontium.
   4. Describe the lymphatic, blood and nerve supply to the gingiva and the attachment apparatus.
2. Recognize the prevalence, extent, and severity of periodontal diseases in the population.
   1. Describe epidemiology and its descriptive terms; prevalence, incidence, extent, and severity.
   2. Explain the significance of epidemiologic data to future treatment.
   3. Describe the role of indices in private practice and population surveys.
   4. Describe the prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases.
   5. Identify risk factors and risk indicators for periodontal diseases.
   6. Discuss future periodontal treatment needs and future trends that may have an impact on dental hygiene practice.
3. Identify the clinical components of a dental examination and how it relates to the periodontal condition.
   1. List and discuss five phases of the dental hygiene process for periodontal patient care.
   2. Explain the importance of stating the goals for periodontal patient care.
   3. Discuss the difference between a dental diagnosis and a dental hygiene diagnosis.
   4. Explain the importance of data collection.
   5. Evaluate the importance of total health assessment in providing periodontal services.
   6. Discuss the importance of interviewing and questioning the patient.
   7. Discuss the implications of the chief complaint and medical history in planning periodontal treatment.
   8. Discuss the role of the dental hygienist in evaluating the dental and oral hygiene status of a patient.
   9. Describe the importance of performing an intraoral and extraoral examination.
   10. Describe the components of the dental examination.
   11. Explain how the findings of the dental evaluation relate to the recognition of periodontal diseases.
   12. Describe the significance of dental plaque on gingival health.
   13. Discuss calculus formation and its effects on gingival health.
   14. Describe the types of stains and their significance to oral hygiene.
   15. Determine the use and effectiveness of disclosing solutions for assessing gingival health.
   16. Plan oral hygiene education and resulting services based on the extent and location of tooth accumulated materials.
   17. Describe the rationale for performing a gingival assessment as part of the patient evaluation.
   18. Describe the clinical features of the gingiva in health and disease.
   19. Evaluate the procedures used in performing a gingival assessment.
   20. Explain bleeding at the gingival margin versus bleeding on probing.
   21. Recognize and discuss factors found in gingival assessment procedures that may be predictors of future disease activity.
   22. Explain the purposes for performing a periodontal assessment.
   23. Describe the components of a periodontal assessment.
   24. Explain the clinical significance of each component of a periodontal assessment.
   25. Discuss the significance of measuring clinical attachment loss versus probing depths.
   26. Compare and contrast several factors that can affect the accuracy of probe readings.
4. Discuss the radiology background that is used in conjunction with clinical data to recognize and classify periodontal diseases.
   1. Recognize and discuss the periodontal structures seen on a radiograph.
   2. Discuss the rationale for radiographs in periodontics.
   3. Explain the features of conventional and computer-based digital imaging.
   4. List and discuss the benefits and limitations of radiographs used in periodontics.
   5. Explain the radiographic improvements aimed at decreasing patient radiation exposure.
   6. Discuss the types of radiographs used in the treatment planning and evaluation of implants.
5. Describe the methods that can be used as a supplement to conventional periodontal assessments for recognizing and monitoring periodontal diseases.
   1. Evaluate the role of using adjunctive diagnostic aids as a predictor for periodontal breakdown.
   2. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the various adjunctive diagnostic methods for detecting periodontal disease activity.
   3. Describe the type of patient that may require adjunctive diagnostic testing.
6. Relate an understanding of periodontal diseases and evidence-based periodontal treatment planning.
   1. Discuss the evidence-based approach to treatment planning.
   2. Describe treatment guidelines for periodontal patients.
   3. Explain when more aggressive forms of therapy are needed and thus appropriate times for referral to a periodontist.
   4. Explain “informed consent”.
   5. Describe geriatric patient considerations in periodontal treatment planning.
   6. Discuss periodontal prognostic signs.
7. Recall the fundamentals of counseling periodontal patients on oral hygiene self-care.
   1. Describe preventive measures taken to prevent and control the progression of periodontal diseases.
   2. Discuss preventive care as it relates to private practice.
   3. Discuss the various tooth brushing methods used to maintain gingival health.
   4. Compare the effectiveness of a powered toothbrush versus a manual toothbrush.
   5. Discuss the importance of interdental cleaning in maintaining periodontal health.
   6. Discuss an effective plaque-control regimen following periodontal surgery.
8. Recognize current concepts about the adjunctive use of chemical agents in the prevention and treatment of the inflammatory periodontal diseases.
   1. Discuss the rationale for the use of chemical agents in the treatment of the inflammatory periodontal disease.
   2. List and discuss the various types of drug delivery systems.
   3. Describe the newest types of controlled-release devices.
   4. Discuss enzyme suppression therapy.
9. Recall the objectives and therapeutic outcomes of periodontal instrumentation.
   1. Discuss the rationale for periodontal debridement.
   2. Explain the clinical outcomes of periodontal debridement.
   3. Discuss the effects of nonsurgical treatment on the subgingival microflora.
   4. Describe the effects of combined oral hygiene self-care with subgingival periodontal debridement on clinical attachment loss.
   5. Describe the healing response in gingivitis and periodontitis after periodontal debridement.
10. Describe the etiology, identifying features, and therapy of occlusal trauma.
    1. Identify and describe two types of occlusal trauma.
    2. Recognize and describe the clinical and radiographic signs of occlusal trauma.
    3. Discuss the interrelationship between occlusal trauma and periodontitis.
    4. Define the role of the dental hygienist in occlusal therapy.
11. Recognize the basic principles, and postoperative care for periodontal surgical procedures.
    1. Discuss the rational of periodontal surgical therapy.
    2. Describe the indications and contraindications for periodontal surgical therapy.
    3. Compare and contrast the currently accepted surgical treatment modalities.
    4. Counsel patients on postoperative care following periodontal surgery.
    5. Identify and explain the management of postoperative complications.
    6. Discuss surgical wound healing and how soon after surgery a reevaluation can be performed.
12. Identify the basic principles of periodontal regeneration.
    1. Describe the process of periodontal regeneration, including the type and origin of cells involved in the regenerative process.
    2. Compare and contrast the different clinical procedures used to attain periodontal regeneration.
    3. Discuss postoperative care after periodontal regenerative surgery.
13. Describe dental implants and the proper implant evaluation and maintenance procedures.
    1. Define the role of the dental hygienist in the management of patients with dental implants.
    2. Discuss dental implant indications, contraindications, benefits, and risks.
    3. Explain the various types of dental implants rationale for use, and materials for each.
    4. Define the basic components of a dental implant.
    5. Discuss the general sequence of implant placement, uncovering, and restoration.
    6. Compare the tissues around natural teeth and dental implants.
    7. Discuss the steps in evaluating tissue conditions around dental implants.
    8. Describe peri-implantitis and its management.
    9. Describe proper instrument selection and therapeutic steps for in-office maintenance procedures.
    10. 13.10 Recommend appropriate home-care techniques for patients with dental implants.
14. Participate in the initial preparation, treatment and post-care for the patient receiving periodontal surgical treatment requiring sutures and dressings.
    1. Recognize periodontal surgical procedures requiring sutures and dressings.
    2. Describe the purpose, characteristics and classification of suture materials.
    3. Describe needle components and characteristics
    4. Discuss knot characteristics, management and suturing procedures.
    5. List the supplies and steps for future removal.
    6. Explain the purposes, characteristics and types of dressing materials.
    7. Describe the characteristics of a well-placed dressing.
    8. Provide patient instructions
    9. Demonstrate the placement and removal of a periodontal dressing.
    10. Recognize the importance of bacterial plaque control follow-up.
15. Recognize the role periodontal maintenance has in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases.
    1. Discuss the objectives of periodontal maintenance.
    2. Describe the components of periodontal maintenance.
    3. Describe the role of the dental hygienist in periodontal maintenance visits.
    4. Discuss the role of the dental hygienist in smoking cessation.
    5. Discuss when retreatment is necessary.
    6. Explain the factors involved in patient compliance.