HSC 281 - Limited Radiology

1. Recognize the legal and ethical responsibilities of the role of the “limited radiographer.”
   1. Identify what health professionals may order radiographs
   2. Identify who may administer radiographs
   3. Point out who has custody of x-rays
   4. Identify who is responsible for interpreting radiographs
2. Explain guidelines for the loan of x-ray films
3. Explain confidentiality guidelines as they relate to patient medical information
4. Explain the function of x-ray machines and technical factors for exposing diagnostic radiographs
   1. Describe the structure of matter and its relationship to the production of radiographs
   2. Discuss basic principles of magnetism and how it is used in producing x-rays
   3. Describe how principles of electricity are applied to the production of radiographs
   4. Differentiate x-ray waves from other waves
   5. List the basic components of the x-ray tube
   6. Describe the role of the target in the production of x-rays
   7. Describe components of x-ray circuit
   8. Explain the use of the various controls on the control panel
   9. Explain how Photon tissue interactions are used in achieving a good radiograph
5. Demonstrate Correct procedure for apply “limited” diagnostic x-rays
   1. Describe how an image is formed as a result of performing a radiograph
   2. Explain the various factors related to photographic effect on films
   3. Calculate the effect various milliamperages (mA) will have on a radiograph
   4. Describe the effect the exposure time has on a radiograph
   5. Differentiate mA from mAs
   6. Describe how mA is calculated for an exposure
   7. Determine how Focal Film Distance is calculated for an exposure
   8. Describe the effect of kilovoltage in producing radiographs
   9. Describe how an image is formed as a result of performing radiographs
   10. Describe methods to properly maintain screens
   11. Explain how various body tissues modify the x-ray beam
   12. Explain the effects grids have on radiographs
   13. Select the proper grid
   14. Apply the principles of coning
6. Maintain darkroom for film processing
7. Process film to achieve optional results and prevent retakes
8. Apply terms related to film processing
9. Develop film properly/correctly
10. Explain the components and purposes of radiographic films
11. Explain the effect of chemicals on developing film
12. Calculate temperature and time for correctly developing film
13. View radiographs and determine their quality
    1. Discuss the technique and conditions that affect the quality of radiographs
    2. Describe the individual components of radiographic quality
    3. Define radiographic detail
    4. Explain the relationship of radiographic detail to selected techniques and factors
    5. Define radiographic magnification
    6. Explain the relationship of radiographic magnification to selected factors
    7. Define distortion on a radiograph
    8. Describe how to prevent distortion on a radiograph
14. Recognize the potential dangers of radiation and safety practices to protect self and the patient
    1. Describe the role of the Iowa Department of Health in radiation protection
    2. Define terms related to radiation exposure
    3. Describe the interaction of radiation with matter
    4. Identify probable genetic effects of radiation
    5. Identify acute and long term somatic effects of radiation
    6. Discuss principles that influence personnel and patient protection
    7. Recognize methods of protection in administering diagnostic radiographs
    8. Discuss environmental protection, listing causes of problems and describing methods and rules to limit causes
    9. Describe causes of overexposure for personnel
    10. List methods to decrease and monitor overexposure
    11. Describe methods to protect patients from overexposure
15. Define quality assurance
    1. State the rationale for quality assurance
    2. Describe five of the seven common quality assurance tests
16. Discuss terminology and basic guidelines used for radiographic examination of all body parts
    1. Define body parts
    2. Describe various radiographic projections and positions
    3. List basic guidelines for radiographing patients
17. Perform a diagnostic radiograph of the chest
    1. Review normal anatomy of thoracic bones, lungs, and trachea
    2. Prepare and position patient for chest radiograph
    3. Select the correct basic projections for radiographs of the lungs.
    4. Perform the following correctly
    5. Select correct technical factors for radiographs of the chest
    6. Discuss modifications to be made for pathology of chest
    7. Evaluate the quality of radiographs of the chest regarding technical factors, positioning, and processing, given radiograph of the chest
18. Perform a diagnostic radiograph of the upper extremity
    1. Review normal anatomy of the upper extremity
    2. Select the basic projections for each upper extremity part
    3. Perform the following, correctly
    4. Select the correct radiographic considerations for each special projection of the wrist
    5. Select the correct radiographic considerations for each special projection of the elbow
    6. Select correct technical factors for upper extremity radiography
    7. Explain special considerations for radiographs of upper extremities
    8. Identify the projections and evaluate them in relation to the following, given radiographs of the upper extremity
19. Perform a diagnostic radiograph of the lower extremity
    1. Review normal anatomy of the lower extremity
    2. Select the basic projection for each lower extremity part
    3. Perform the following correctly
    4. Select the correct radiographic consideration for each special projection
    5. Select correct technical factors for lower extremity radiography
    6. Explain special considerations for radiographs of lower extremity
    7. Identify the projections and evaluate them in relation to the following, given radiographs of the lower extremity