AGS 319 - Animal Nutrition

1. Identify nutrients and their function
   1. Define a nutrient
   2. List six nutrients
   3. Match each of the nutrients with their function
2. Explain the relationship between carbohydrates and fats; sugars and starches; and fiber and nitrogen free extract
   1. Express the difference between carbohydrates and fats in providing energy
   2. Summarize the classification of carbohydrates by the number of sugar molecules
   3. Discuss the difference between the readily digested part of carbohydrates and the poorly digested part of carbohydrates
3. Identify the essential amino acids and their relationship to animal health and production
   1. Explain the meaning of Pvt. Tim Hall
   2. List the ten essential amino acids
   3. Define an amino acid
   4. Name the three most limiting amino acids in order
   5. Summarize the importance of amino acid balance to animal health and production
4. List the major minerals and their specific deficiency symptoms
   1. Name the major minerals and their function in livestock production
   2. Match the major minerals with identifiable deficiency symptoms
5. Describe the uses of or needs for the nutrients in the animals metabolism in performing various functions and factors influencing the requirements of those nutrients
   1. Identify the vitamins available in livestock nutrition
   2. List the importance of each vitamin to livestock nutrition and their function
   3. Name the sources available for the various vitamins
   4. Describe the influence of the different digestive systems on the utilization of various feedstuffs
   5. Outline the factors influencing the requirements of various nutrients
6. Identify the components of the different digestive systems
   1. Draw the digestive system of a pig
   2. Explain the functioning of the digestive system in a simple stomached animal
   3. Give the function of the cecum in a horse
   4. Describe the digestive system of an avian
   5. Summarize the digestive system of a ruminant
7. Explain the rumination process
   1. Name the parts of the ruminant stomach
   2. Summarize the process of regurgitation, remastication, resalivation, and reswallowing
   3. Outline the function of rumen bacteria
   4. Describe by-pass protein and the method in which this happens in the ruminant animal
8. Describe the procedure for evaluating the nutritional value of feedstuff
9. Demonstrate the ability to convert feedstuffs from and as-fed to dry matter basis
   1. Cite the formula for converting from as-fed to a dry matter basis
   2. Define as-fed basis, dry matter basis, and air-dry basis
   3. Practice converting ten different feedstuff test results
10. Explain the relationship of NEm, NEg, and NE1
    1. Identify the feed energy fractions and their percentage of gross energy
    2. Define TDN
    3. Compare NEm, NEg, and NE1
    4. Demonstrate the ability to use the net energy tables
11. Explain the physical evaluation of feedstuffs
    1. Review the factors affecting eye appraisal of a feedstuff
    2. List factors influencing palatability of a feedstuff
    3. Cite growing and handling factors that might influence the value of a feedstuff
12. Evaluate diets based upon cost of production
13. Compare various sources of nutrients
    1. Review the International Feed Names and Numbers as used in the tables on feed composition
    2. Describe the difference between roughages and concentrates
    3. Match feedstuffs available with the proper feed class
    4. Name the protein supplement classes and the species for which they are used
    5. Practice using the composition of feeds proximate analysis and general nutrient tables
14. Explain the silage fermentation process
    1. Describe the anaerobic environment and the changes in temperature during silage fermentation
    2. Name the acids involved in silage fermentation and their affect on the process
    3. Identify the correct pH in each phase of the fermentation process
15. Describe proper silage making procedures
    1. Identify the proper moisture for making good quality silage
    2. Outline proper cutting and packing procedures in silage making
    3. Cite the estimated storage losses from various types of silos
    4. List various types of silage additives and their value
16. Demonstrate the ability to find data relevant to the composition of feedstuffs and apply it in the balancing of animal diets
    1. Calculate the protein level of given feedstuffs
    2. Use the tables on composition of feedstuffs to gather appropriate data
    3. Compute rations to provide balanced animal diets
17. Evaluate processing, storage and handling of feedstuffs
    1. Summarize methods of feedstuff processing and their advantages
    2. Discuss the merits of grinding feedstuffs for various species
    3. Defend the utilization of high moisture corn
    4. Review the factors that influence feed quality in storage
18. Determine proper quality, delivery, and consumption of feed and water
    1. Discuss the importance of clean water and its availability to livestock
    2. Define palatability and understand it’s affect on feed intake
    3. Recall the expected feed intake for the five major animal species
    4. List various methods of delivering feed and water to livestock
19. Demonstrate the ability to balance a simple animal ration
    1. Outline the steps in using the Pearson Square
    2. Calculate balanced rations using two feed sources
    3. Calculate balanced rations using three or more feed sources
    4. Calculate balanced rations using fixed ingredients
20. Identify the commercial feed laws and their affect on content of a feed tag
    1. List the items the must be in the guaranteed analysis of a feed tag
    2. Summarize the important points of the commercial feed laws as they affect feed tags
    3. Select a feed tag and bring it to class ready to discuss its content
21. Identify feed additives and their application
    1. List the reasons a producer uses feed additives
    2. Describe the different types of feed additives used in livestock production
    3. Identify which feed additives are used for particular purposes and with which animals
    4. Identify implant products and their uses